Annotated Bibliography
Vulnurable Populations (Aboriginal Focus)
The resources below were curated in researching vulnerable populations in Canada.
2012_resolution_11_e.pdf. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.cna-aiic.ca/-/media/cna/page-content/pdf-en/2012_resolution_11_e.pdf?la=en&hash=EF84CA98D98983D6397F449931A20EB11EDC0535
This website by the Canadian Nurses Association provides an overview of the Aboriginal advocacy efforts of this association. It explains Jordan`s Principal and Shannen`s Dream two initiatives aimed at improving the healthcare and education of Aboriginal children, respectively.
2018 - Relationship with Indigenous Communities Guideline.pdf. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://health.gov.on.ca/en/pro/programs/publichealth/oph_standards/docs/protocols_guidelines/Relationship_with_Indigenous_Communities_Guideline_en.pdf
This report by the Ontario Ministry of Health, prepared with Aboriginal stakeholders, is a guideline intended to assist boards of health in implementing the requirements established in the Health Equity Standard. It highlights the importance of Aboriginal determinants of health and self-determination over these determinants as being crucial for the wellness of individuals and communities.
Branch, G. of C. A. A. and N. D. C. C. (2008, November 3). Self-government [administrative page]. Retrieved March 19, 2019, from https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100032275/1529354547314
This Government of Canada website explains Aboriginal self government and acknowledges legislative changes that are leading toward more self determination amongst many Indigenous communities.
Branch, G. of C. I. and N. A. C. C. (2008a, November 3). The Government of Canada’s Approach to Implementation of the Inherent Right and the Negotiation of Aboriginal Self-Government [reference material]. Retrieved March 19, 2019, from https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1100100031843/1539869205136
This website provides a detailed look at the Government of Canada's Approach to Implementation of the Inherent Right and the Negotiation of Aboriginal Self-Government.
Canada, G. of C. I. and N. A. (2011, June 29). United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples [administrative page; reference material; resource list]. Retrieved March 19, 2019, from https://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1309374407406/1309374458958
This Government of Canada website provides a detailed look at United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples which Canada announced its support to in May 2016.
Canada, G. of C. I. and N. A. (2015a, December 14). Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada [administrative page]. Retrieved March 19, 2019, from https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1450124405592/1529106060525
This Government of Canada website provides a brief overview on the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and provides links to the official full mandate and final report.
Canada, H. (2005, April 21). Ten Years of Health Transfer First Nation and Inuit Control [transparency - other]. Retrieved March 19, 2019, from https://www.canada.ca/en/indigenous-services-canada/services/first-nations-inuit-health/reports-publications/funding/years-health-transfer-first-nation-inuit-control-health-canada-1999.html
This Government of Canada website provides an overview of the last ten years of health control transfer from the government to First Nation and Inuit communities. There are many links provided to Aboriginal health related topics and an action plan moving forward.
Canada, H. (2007, August 22). Protecting people at greater risk [education and awareness]. Retrieved March 18, 2019, from https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/environmental-workplace-health/environmental-contaminants/vulnerable-populations.html
This Government of Canada website acknowledges that children, seniors, pregnant women, people with pre-existing health conditions and Indigenous peoples may be at greater risk of exposure to chemicals and pollutants. This website contains safety information for each of these groups. Noteworthy is that Aboriginal people are noted to face higher levels of unsafe housing, contaminated water and environmental health concerns.
First Nations Health Authority (n.d.) Our History, Our Health. Retrieved February 22, 2019, from http://www.fnha.ca/wellness/our-history-our-health
The First Nations Health Authority (FNHA) website. The FNHA is governed by, and serves, BC First Nations individuals and communities. It plans, designs, manages, and funds the delivery of First Nations health programs formerly handled by Health Canada's First Nations Inuit Health Branch – Pacific Region. This website highlights work being done by FNHA, provides wellness tips, guides and resources, contains information about First Nations health benefits and more.
Indigenous Federal/Provincial/Territorial Jurisdiction and Self-Governance – The Health of Canada’s Children and Youth. (n.d.). Retrieved March 18, 2019, from https://cichprofile.ca/module/7/section/3/page/indigenous-federalprovincialterritorial-and-self-governance/
Indigenous people in Canada have different types of government. For example, First Nations can have a range of governmental powers over reserve lands under the federal Indian Act. Other Indigenous governments, such as self-governments, exercise these powers as a result of agreements they have negotiated with the federal and provincial or territorial governments.
Indigenous Health. (n.d.). Retrieved March 19, 2019, from https://www.cna-aiic.ca/en/policy-advocacy/indigenous-health
This website by the Canadian Nurses Association provides an overview of the Aboriginal advocacy efforts of this association. It contains links to cultural competency resources as well as important initiative including Jordan`s Principal and Shannen`s Dream.
Indigenous health services often hampered by legislative confusion. (n.d.). Retrieved March 18, 2019, from https://healthydebate.ca/2017/09/topic/indigenous-health
This article discusses the health of Indigenous peoples in Canada and the lack of clarity between the provincial and federal governments in terms of health service provision for Indigenous individuals both on and off reserves. This publication contains references and links to historical artifacts and recent reports and court rulings. Although the words are not used explicitly, empowerment and self-determination appear to what the authors suggest is most needed to drive positive change in meeting the health needs of Aboriginal peoples across Canada.
Joseph, B. (n.d.-a). National Aboriginal Day 21+ Important Indigenous People to Celebrate. Retrieved March 20, 2019, from https://www.ictinc.ca/blog/national-aboriginal-day-21-important-indigenous-people-to-celebrate
Chief Dr. Robert Joseph, hereditary chief of the Gwawaenuk First Nation, was awarded the Order of British Columbia in 2015, and recipient of Indspire’s Lifetime Achievement award in 2016. He is an Ambassador for Reconciliation Canada, and a member of the National Assembly of First Nations Elders Council and has dedicated himself to the fight against racism and intolerance.
Minority and vulnerable populations | Health Nexus. (n.d.). Retrieved March 18, 2019, from https://en.healthnexus.ca/topics-tools/vulnerable-populations
This website, put together by Health Nexus, a registered charitable organization, envisions communities where everyone is healthy and promotes equitable wellness and inclusivity. Health promotion resources and links to publications and upcoming events are available on this homepage. Their section on vulnerable populations provides information specific to Aboriginals, Francophones, Newcomers and Minorities.
Newsroom : Ontario Investments in Indigenous Health and Wellness. (n.d.). Retrieved March 18, 2019, from https://news.ontario.ca/mohltc/en/2018/02/ontario-investments-in-indigenous-health-and-wellness.html
This news article totes that Ontario is making historic investments in Indigenous health to improve access to culturally appropriate care for First Nations, Métis, Inuit and urban Indigenous people across the province and lists fiscal promises for investments as evidence. Other important Indigenous health initiatives are also listed, and perhaps more important than promised funding, is training being provided to increase the contribution and self-determination of the individuals being directly affected by the changes.
Nadine Caron | University of Northern British Columbia. (n.d.). Retrieved March 20, 2019, from https://www.unbc.ca/nadine-caron
Another inspirational First Nation individual, Canada’s first female First Nations general surgeon is breaking through barriers and is helping put a spotlight on Aboriginal Health and Canadian health policy. Dr. Caron teaches at the University of Northern BC when not practicing as an Endocrine surgeon at Prince George Regional Hospital and is continuously working on how to tackle institutional racism and encourage Indigenous youth to seek careers in health care.
National Aboriginal Health Organization | National Collaborating Centre for Determinants of Health. (n.d.). Retrieved March 19, 2019, from http://nccdh.ca/organizations/entry/national-aboriginal-health-organization
The home page for the National Aboriginal Health Organization (NAHO) contains links to reports, articles. Initiatives and many other resources. NAHO is a national knowledge-based organization that advances and promotes the health and well-being of all First Nations, Inuit and Métis through collaborative research, Indigenous Traditional Knowledge, building capacity, and community led initiatives.
Patrick, K., Flegel, K., & Stanbrook, M. B. (2018). Vulnerable populations: an area CMAJ will continue to champion. CMAJ, 190(11), E307–E307. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.180288
This article announces that CMAJ has chosen “vulnerable populations” as its fourth area of focus (alongside sepsis, health services and mental health) and, by doing so, has renewed their commitment to using their platform to advocate on behalf of Canadians who are vulnerable to poor health because of structural and personal factors that prevent them from achieving the optimal health that is their human right.
Pursuing Health: Underserved Populations in Canada.pdf. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://resources.cpha.ca/CPHA/Conf/Data/2015/A15-200e.pdf
This presentation speaks to the differences between, and commonalities amongst, marginalized, vulnerable and underserved populations. Health disparities, inequalities and inequities that result affect these special populations. The author urges other writers and researchers to utilize the appropriate terminology and to carefully reflect on the semantics of the terms chosen.
Raphael, D. (2009). Social Determinants of Health: Canadian Perspectives, 2nd edition. Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press. Retrieved February 12, 2019 from https://crofsblogs.typepad.com/files/sample-pages-chapter-sdoh-revised.pdf
This book is a collection of research and observations by academics about how social determinants of health play out in Canadian life. A resource for teachers, students, and researchers, it explores each of the recognized social determinants that impact on health and well-being in Canada and illustrates how our political and societal choices determine the health.
Reconciliation, M. of A. R. and. (n.d.). Indigenous Health - Province of British Columbia. Retrieved March 18, 2019, from https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/governments/indigenous-people/supporting-communities/health
This province of BC website describes the provinces’ responsibilities for health care provision to Indigenous individuals both on and off reserves in BC as well as the Federal government’s financial responsibilities to First Nations on reserves. Multiple links, specific to Aboriginal peoples in British Columbia, are available through this website for a variety of health related topics.